India has successfully eradicated trachoma, a serious eye disease that was once a significant public health challenge. The country now joins Nepal and Myanmar as the third nation in South Asia to eliminate this debilitating condition. Trachoma, which can lead to blindness if untreated, was a persistent problem in several regions, including India. However, after years of concerted efforts, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed the complete elimination of trachoma in the country, praising India’s achievement.
Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of WHO, expressed his congratulations, stating, “India has eliminated trachoma as a public health problem. This disease, which once caused eye issues for millions, is no longer a threat. We commend India’s efforts in this significant health victory.” The success comes after years of collaboration between WHO and the Government of India. India’s triumph over trachoma follows the nation’s previous eradication of other infectious diseases such as plague, leprosy, and polio.
What is Trachoma?
Trachoma is an infectious eye disease caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. If not treated promptly, it can result in blindness. The infection roughens the inner eyelid, leading to symptoms such as eye irritation, pain, excessive tearing, blurred vision, and even corneal damage. Repeated infections cause the eyelids to turn inward, further increasing the risk of vision loss. Trachoma is highly contagious, and individuals can contract the infection multiple times over their lifetime.
How Does Trachoma Spread?
Health experts warn that trachoma spreads through close personal contact and is often transmitted by flies. Children are particularly vulnerable, and factors such as poor hygiene, overcrowded living conditions, and the use of unsanitary public facilities increase the risk of infection. The disease is prevalent in areas lacking access to clean water and proper sanitation. Preventative measures, such as ensuring a clean water supply and promoting hygiene practices, are crucial in avoiding the spread of trachoma.
India’s success in eradicating trachoma marks a significant step in improving global eye health, and the achievement sets a powerful example for other nations battling this disease.
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